A matsayin muhimmin ɓangare na abubuwan da ba a iya amfani da su ba, masu haɗin RF coaxial suna da kyawawan halayen watsa labaru da hanyoyin haɗin kai iri-iri, don haka ana amfani da su sosai a cikin kayan gwaji, tsarin makami, kayan sadarwa da sauran samfuran.Tun da aikace-aikacen haɗin haɗin haɗin gwiwar RF ya shiga kusan dukkanin sassan tattalin arzikin ƙasa, amincinsa kuma ya jawo hankali sosai.Ana nazarin hanyoyin gazawar masu haɗin coaxial RF.
Bayan an haɗa ma'ajin mahangar n-nau'in jirgin sama (jirgin ruwa na lantarki) na kayan aikin haɗi na zaren, don cimma ɗan tsayayyawar juriya (< 5m ku).An shigar da ɓangaren fil na madubi a cikin fil ɗin a cikin rami na mai gudanarwa a cikin soket, kuma ana kiyaye kyakkyawar hulɗar wutar lantarki (juriyawar lamba<3m Ω) tsakanin masu gudanarwa na ciki guda biyu a bakin mai gudanarwa a cikin soket ta hanyar elasticity na bangon soket.A wannan lokacin, matakin matakin mai gudanarwa a cikin fil da ƙarshen fuskar mai gudanarwa a cikin soket ba a danne shi sosai, amma akwai rata na <0.1mm, wanda ke da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan aikin lantarki da amincin mai haɗa coaxial.Kyakkyawan yanayin haɗin haɗin nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in (N-type) za a iya taƙaita shi kamar haka: kyakkyawar hulɗar mai gudanarwa na waje, kyakkyawar hulɗar mai gudanarwa na ciki, kyakkyawar goyon bayan dielectric goyon baya ga mai gudanarwa na ciki, da kuma daidaitaccen watsawa na zaren tashin hankali.Da zarar yanayin haɗin da ke sama ya canza, mai haɗin zai kasa.Bari mu fara da waɗannan abubuwan kuma mu bincika ƙa'idar gazawar mai haɗin don nemo madaidaicin hanya don inganta amincin mai haɗin.
1. Kasawa sakamakon rashin mu'amalar madugu na waje
Don tabbatar da ci gaba da tsarin lantarki da na inji, ƙarfin da ke tsakanin wuraren tuntuɓar masu gudanarwa na waje gabaɗaya babba ne.Ɗauki mai haɗa nau'in N a matsayin misali, lokacin da ƙarfin jujjuyawar Mt na hannun rigar dunƙule ya zama daidaitaccen 135N.cm, dabarar Mt=KP0 × 10-3N.m (K shine madaidaicin juzu'i mai ƙarfi, kuma K = 0.12 anan), ana iya ƙididdige matsa lamba P0 na mai sarrafa waje don zama 712N.Idan ƙarfin madubi na waje bai da kyau, zai iya haifar da mummunar lalacewa na haɗin ƙarshen fuskar mai gudanarwa na waje, har ma da lalacewa da rushewa.Alal misali, kauri bango na haɗin ƙarshen fuska na mai gudanarwa na waje na ƙarshen namiji na mai haɗin SMA yana da ɗan ƙaramin bakin ciki, kawai 0.25mm, kuma kayan da aka yi amfani da su shine mafi yawan tagulla, tare da ƙarfi mai rauni, kuma haɗin haɗin yana da girma kadan. , don haka fuskar ƙarshen haɗawa na iya zama nakasa saboda matsanancin extrusion, wanda zai iya lalata jagoran ciki ko goyon bayan dielectric;Bugu da ƙari, ana yin rufin maɗaurin waje na mai haɗawa da yawa, kuma suturar fuskar bangon waya za ta lalace ta hanyar babban ƙarfin lamba, wanda zai haifar da karuwa a cikin juriya tsakanin masu gudanarwa na waje da raguwa a cikin wutar lantarki. aikin mai haɗawa.Bugu da ƙari, idan ana amfani da haɗin haɗin coaxial na RF a cikin yanayi mai tsanani, bayan wani lokaci, za a ajiye ƙurar ƙura a fuskar ƙarshen haɗin kai na waje.Wannan Layer na ƙura yana haifar da juriya na lamba tsakanin masu gudanarwa na waje ya karu sosai, asarar shigar da mai haɗawa yana ƙaruwa, kuma alamar aikin lantarki yana raguwa.
Matakan ingantawa: don kauce wa mummunan hulɗar mai gudanarwa na waje wanda ya haifar da lalacewa ko wuce haddi na fuskar ƙarshen haɗawa, a gefe guda, za mu iya zaɓar kayan aiki tare da ƙarfin da ya fi girma don aiwatar da madubi na waje, kamar tagulla ko bakin karfe;A gefe guda kuma, ana iya ƙara kauri na bango na haɗin ƙarshen haɗin kai na waje don ƙara yawan yanki, ta yadda za a rage matsa lamba a kan yankin naúrar na haɗin ƙarshen fuska na waje yayin da iri ɗaya. ana amfani da karfin haɗi.Misali, ingantacciyar hanyar haɗin SMA coaxial (SuperSMA na Kamfanin SOUTHWEST a Amurka), matsakaicin diamita na matsakaicin tallafi shine Φ 4.1mm an rage zuwa Φ 3.9mm, kaurin bangon farfajiyar haɗin kai na waje yana daidai da haɓaka. zuwa 0.35mm, kuma an inganta ƙarfin injin, don haka inganta amincin haɗin gwiwa.Lokacin adanawa da amfani da mai haɗawa, kiyaye fuskar ƙarshen haɗawa na waje mai tsabta.Idan akwai kura a kai, a shafa shi da audugar barasa.Ya kamata a lura da cewa barasa ba za a jiƙa a kan goyon bayan kafofin watsa labaru a lokacin da ake gogewa ba, kuma kada a yi amfani da mai haɗawa har sai barasa ya canza, in ba haka ba rashin daidaituwa na haɗin zai canza saboda haɗuwa da barasa.
2. Rashin gazawa sakamakon rashin mu'amalar madugu na ciki
Idan aka kwatanta da madugu na waje, madugu na ciki tare da ƙaramin girma da ƙarancin ƙarfi yana iya haifar da rashin kyau lamba kuma haifar da gazawar haɗin haɗi.Ana amfani da haɗin roba sau da yawa tsakanin masu gudanarwa na ciki, kamar soket slotted roba connection, spring kambori na roba dangane, bellows roba connection, da dai sauransu. iyaka.
Matakan haɓakawa: Za mu iya amfani da ƙarfin shigarwa da ƙarfin riƙewa na daidaitaccen fil ɗin ma'auni da mai gudanarwa a cikin soket don auna ko daidaitawa tsakanin soket da fil ɗin yana da ma'ana.Don masu haɗin nau'in N, diamita Φ 1.6760 + 0.005 Ƙarfin shigarwa lokacin da ma'auni na ma'auni ya dace da jack ya kamata ya zama ≤ 9N, yayin da diamita Φ 1.6000-0.005 daidaitaccen ma'auni na ma'auni da jagora a cikin soket zai sami ƙarfin riƙewa ≥ 0.56N.Don haka, zamu iya ɗaukar ƙarfin sakawa da ƙarfin riƙewa azaman ma'aunin dubawa.Ta hanyar daidaita girman da juriya na soket da fil, da kuma tsarin maganin tsufa na mai gudanarwa a cikin soket, ƙarfin shigarwa da ƙarfin riƙewa tsakanin fil da soket suna cikin kewayon da ya dace.
3. Rashin gazawar da ke haifar da gazawar tallafin dielectric don tallafawa mai gudanarwa na ciki da kyau
A matsayin wani ɓangare na haɗin haɗin gwiwar coaxial, goyon bayan dielectric yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen tallafawa mai gudanarwa na ciki da kuma tabbatar da alaƙar matsayi tsakanin masu gudanarwa na ciki da na waje.Ƙarfin injiniya, haɓakar haɓakar thermal, dielectric akai-akai, asarar hasara, shayar ruwa da sauran halaye na kayan suna da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan aikin mai haɗawa.Isasshen ƙarfin inji shine mafi mahimmancin buƙatu don tallafin dielectric.Yayin amfani da mai haɗawa, goyon bayan dielectric ya kamata ya ɗauki matsa lamba axial daga mai gudanarwa na ciki.Idan ƙarfin injin na goyan bayan dielectric ya yi rauni sosai, zai haifar da lalacewa ko ma lalacewa yayin haɗin gwiwa;Idan ma'aunin haɓakar haɓakar thermal na kayan ya yi girma sosai, lokacin da zafin jiki ya canza sosai, tallafin dielectric na iya faɗaɗa ko raguwa da yawa, yana sa madubin ciki ya sassauta, ya faɗi, ko yana da axis daban-daban daga na waje, da kuma haifar da girman tashar haɗin haɗin don canzawa.Koyaya, shayar da ruwa, dielectric akai-akai da ma'aunin hasara yana shafar aikin lantarki na masu haɗawa kamar asara shigarwa da ƙimar tunani.
Matakan haɓakawa: zaɓi kayan da suka dace don aiwatar da tallafin matsakaici bisa ga halaye na kayan haɗin gwiwa kamar yanayin amfani da kewayon mitar aiki na mai haɗawa.
4. Rashin gazawar zaren tashin hankali ba a watsa zuwa waje madugu
Mafi yawan nau'in wannan gazawar shine fadowar hannun rigar dunƙule, wanda galibi yakan faru ne ta hanyar ƙira mara ma'ana ko sarrafa tsarin screw sleeve da ƙarancin elasticity na zoben karye.
4.1 Zane mara ma'ana ko sarrafa tsarin dunƙule hannun riga
4.1.1 Tsarin ƙira ko sarrafa madaidaicin screw hannun rigar zobe ba shi da ma'ana
(1) Tsagi na zoben karye ya yi zurfi sosai ko kuma mara zurfi;
(2) kusurwa mara kyau a kasan tsagi;
(3) Chamfer yayi girma da yawa.
4.1.2 Kaurin bangon axial ko radial na dunƙule hannun rigar ƙwanƙwasa zobe ya yi bakin ciki sosai
4.2 Rashin elasticity na zoben karye
4.2.1 Tsarin kauri na radial na zoben karye ba shi da ma'ana
4.2.2 Ƙarfafa tsufa mara ma'ana na zoben karye
4.2.3 Zaɓin kayan da ba daidai ba na zoben karye
4.2.4 Wurin da'irar waje na zoben karye ya yi girma da yawa.An kwatanta wannan nau'in gazawar a cikin labarai da yawa
Ɗaukar haɗin haɗin coaxial na nau'in N a matsayin misali, ana nazarin hanyoyin gazawa da yawa na haɗin haɗin RF coaxial mai haɗawa wanda aka yi amfani da shi sosai.Hanyoyin haɗi daban-daban kuma za su haifar da yanayin gazawa daban-daban.Sai kawai ta hanyar bincike mai zurfi na tsarin da ya dace na kowane yanayin rashin nasara, yana yiwuwa a sami ingantacciyar hanya don inganta amincinsa, sannan kuma inganta haɓakar masu haɗin haɗin gwiwar RF coaxial.
Lokacin aikawa: Fabrairu-05-2023